Homework Solutions

2:35    a.    lose, Na⁺                d.    gain, I^-                        g.    gain, N^3-
            b.    lose, Sr²⁺                e.    lose, Al³⁺                    h.    lose, Cs⁺
            c.    lose, Ba²⁺                f.    gain, S^2-                        i.    gain, Se^2-

2:52    a.    Ca²⁺, N^3-; Ca₃N₂                            e.    Na²⁺, I^-; BaI₂
            b.    K⁺, O^2-; K₂O                                f.    Al³⁺, Se^2-; Al₂Se₃
            c.    Rb⁺, F^-; RbF                                    g.    Cs⁺, P^3-; Cs₃P
            d.    Mg²⁺, S^2-; MgS                            h.    In³⁺, Br^-; InBr₃

12:79    a.    Be<Mg<Ca                            d.    Be<Ba<Rb
            b.    Xe<I<Te                                e.    Ne<Se<S
            c.    As<Ge<Ga

qualitative                                                            quantitative

13:13                                                                   13:15
a.    C<N<O                                                        2.6<3.0<3.4        yes, they agree
b.    Se<S<Cl                                                        2.6<2.6<3.2        well, they don't disagree   
c.    Sn<Ge<Se                                                    2.0<2.0<2.6        well, they don't disagree
d.    Tl<Ge<S                                                        2.0<2.0<2.6        well, they don't disagree
e.    Rb<K<Na                                                      0.8<0.8<0.9        well, they don't disagree
f.    Ga<B<O                                                        1.8<2.0<3.4         yes, they agree

13:14
a.    C-F, Si-F, Ge-F                                            (2.6)-(4.0), (1.9)-(4.0), (2.0)-(4.0)    no, but close
b.    P-Cl, S-Cl                                                    (2.2)-(3.2), (2.6)-(3.2)                        yes
c.    S-F, S-Cl, S-Br                                            (2.6)-(4.0), (2.6)-(3.2), (2.6)-(3.0)      yes
d.    Ti-Cl, Si-Cl, Ge-Cl                                        (1.5)-(3.2), (1.9)-(3.2), (2.0)-(3.2)    yes
 

Note:  The  values presented in Figure 13.3 are useful as starting points.  They give reasonable approximations of expected behaviors when the two values are far apart from each other.  They are, however, approximations with an uncertainty of at least 0.1.  The most useful trend for you to remember is that F is the most electronegative atom and as you go left and down, electronegativity decreases.