Homework Solutions
May 3 2004

11.    A spontaneous process is one that occurs without outside intervention.  Notice that spontaneity has nothing to do with how long it takes for a process to occur.  My diamond ring is spontaneously turning into graphite, but it will take several billion years for the process to be complete.

37.
a.    graphite -see page A22.  Also realize that the diamond structure has more symmetry.  All the bond angles are the same.

b.    the gas.  In the gas phase, the molecules have more volume to move around in.

c.    the gas.

d.    N2O(g) because the polyatomic gas molecule has more types of energy available to it.

e.    HCl - see page A22.  Also (although I hadn't told you this) the greater mass increases the number of translational energy levels available at 25 deg.