References for Making Web Pages
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Millions of web pages exist that contain useful information about making your own web pages. That huge volume of information can be daunting when you are just getting started, so I present here a list of topics that you may wish to consider as you get started. Each topic has one or more on-line references that I have found useful.

 Terminology & Glossaries

 If you are relatively new to the web, it will be helpful to know something about the terminology or jargon, especially the acronyms. If you know folks who use the web heavily, maybe you've heard sentences like "... and so I keyed in this URL and the CGI script asked me for my domain name and whether I was using a T-1 or a 28.8K modem, but the only thing I knew was the IP number of my ISP..." (!?!)

The ILC Glossary of Internet Terms by Internet Literacy Consultants is a must-read (takes only about 10 minutes or so) if you want to get up to speed on the "lingo." A nice list of web-oriented glossaries is available as part of The Webmaster's Reference Library -- a comprehensive site that has great information for novices as well as experts.

“How do they do that?”

You’ve probably seen a nifty web page of some sort and wondered how you could do it, too. The web is incredibly self-documented, and the usual search tools do an excellent job of digging up useful tips and examples. PHOAKS (People Helping One Another Know Stuff) is a search tool that uses collaborative filting (i.e., people’s opinions about resources are factored in) to produce search results that focus on good resources.

 HTML Code

 HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) is the underlying code behind the web pages (in Netscape Navigator you can see this code for any web page you are looking at by selecting "View -> Page Source"). HTML is strictly ASCII (i.e., human-readable), and consists of text and formatting tags to control the appearance of the text. Other HTML tags are used to create hyperlinks (that's how you jump from one web page to the next) and to display images.

A Beginner’s Guide to HTML is the premier guide to getting started with HTML. Additional HTML guides are listed here. Even if you use a web page authoring tool such as Netscape Composer and never write HTML code directly, you will be able to do a much better job with your authoring tool if you understand the capabilities and the limitations of HTML.
 

 Authoring Tools

 While it is possible to construct good web sites using only a text editor, it's not much fun -- kind of like writing PostScript printer files from scratch rather than using a word processor. Netscape Composer (bundled with Netscape Communicator) let's you compose web pages using a wordprocessor-like environment (it's the method I used to make this web page).

If you use Microsoft Word, you will want to consider Internet Assistant for Word, which can produce HTML versions of your favorite Word documents. This is an excellent technique for translating wordprocessor files into HTML format, since Word can read a variety of other formats such as WordPerfect.

You can put your PowerPoint presentations on the web, too: check out Internet Assistant for PowerPoint.
 

 Style Manuals

 The Yale C/AIM Web Style Guide is an excellent resource for helping you to design a quality web site.
 

 Icons & Clip Art

 There are probably billions of little clip-art images and icons out there, most of them free, which you can use to add interest to your pages. I recently looked at this typical site and discovered a pointer to the Clip Art Connection -- it's a great place to get started!

 Animated GIF Images

 You’ve probably noticed the little images that animate themselves... here's one now:

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The GIF89a Animation Gallery includes tutorials on animated GIFs and gives some pointers to other tools for making your own animated GIFs. I have experimented a bit with GIF Construction Set, a Windows program which assembles multiple GIF images into a single animated GIF. Here's a fun site that contains animated GIF images for web pages.

 Frames

 You can display multiple HTML files in one screen by subdividing the screen into regions, or frames. I did a +frames +tutorial search in the Alta Vista search engine and got thousands of hits… here is an example.
 

 Forms

Forms let you make your web pages interactive -- you've probably seen the pages with checkboxes, pull-down menus, etc. Look here for more information about adding forms elements (pull-down menus, checkboxes, etc.) to your pages.
 

 CGI Scripts

 Forms are only half the story for making interactive web pages. You need a program running on your web server which can process the information entered by the user of your page. The Common Gateway Interface (CGI) is the mechanism underlying many interactive pages. Information about CGI itself is located here.

PERL (Practical Extraction and Report Language) is frequently used to implement CGI scripts (the programs that process the forms data) on Unix-based web servers. I was able to teach myself PERL from this on-line PERL manual. Also, check out CGI.pm -- a comprehensive set of CGI-oriented functions -- highly recommended for doing forms and CGI!

The web server provides additional information besides the forms data. For example, your CGI script can query the server for the machine name of the user of your page. HTTPd is the de-facto standard web server; look here to learn more.
 

 Server Push / Client Pull

 Ever wonder how they make those pages that update themselves with live data? Netscape has a page which describes the server push / client pull techniques that let you do just that.
 

 JavaScript

 JavaScript is sort of like Java (which is sort of like C++ for the Web), but is supposed to be easier to use. JavaScript lets you make your pages more interactive without doing any processing back on the web server (all processing is done locally on the user's computer). I did a+javascript +tutorial search in Alta Vista (it dredged up another set of thousands of pages); here's one that looked good.
 

 VRML

 VRML (Virtual Reality Modeling Language) lets you incorporate 3-D virtual objects and worlds in your pages. After reading this basic introduction, you will want to check out the VRML Repository, a comprehensive description of VRML resources.

I hope that you find this information useful as you start working on your own portion of the Web!

NOTE: The Web is a pretty dynamic environment -- sometimes it seems that web information must have a half-life of two months! Web pages occasionally move without leaving a forwarding address. If some of the links on this page become broken, use a search engine to discover alternative pages based on the topic area.

This web page was last updated 05 January 1998.

If you have comments or suggestions, email me at Ed.Doering@Rose-Hulman.Edu

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