This is ld.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.0 from ./ld.texinfo. START-INFO-DIR-ENTRY * Ld: (ld). The GNU linker. END-INFO-DIR-ENTRY This file documents the GNU linker LD version 2.11.2. Copyright (C) 1991, 92, 93, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 2000 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  File: ld.info, Node: Index, Prev: GNU Free Documentation License, Up: Top Index ***** * Menu: * ": Symbols. * -(: Options. * --add-stdcall-alias: Options. * --allow-shlib-undefined: Options. * --architecture=ARCH: Options. * --auxiliary: Options. * --base-file: Options. * --check-sections: Options. * --cref: Options. * --defsym SYMBOL=EXP: Options. * --demangle[=STYLE]: Options. * --disable-new-dtags: Options. * --disable-stdcall-fixup: Options. * --discard-all: Options. * --discard-locals: Options. * --dll: Options. * --dynamic-linker FILE: Options. * --embedded-relocs: Options. * --emit-relocs: Options. * --enable-new-dtags: Options. * --enable-stdcall-fixup: Options. * --entry=ENTRY: Options. * --exclude-symbols: Options. * --export-all-symbols: Options. * --export-dynamic: Options. * --file-alignment: Options. * --filter: Options. * --force-exe-suffix: Options. * --format=FORMAT: Options. * --format=VERSION: TI COFF. * --gc-sections: Options. * --gpsize: Options. * --heap: Options. * --help: Options. * --image-base: Options. * --just-symbols=FILE: Options. * --kill-at: Options. * --library-path=DIR: Options. * --library=ARCHIVE: Options. * --major-image-version: Options. * --major-os-version: Options. * --major-subsystem-version: Options. * --minor-image-version: Options. * --minor-os-version: Options. * --minor-subsystem-version: Options. * --mri-script=MRI-CMDFILE: Options. * --multi-subspace: HPPA ELF32. * --nmagic: Options. * --no-check-sections: Options. * --no-demangle: Options. * --no-gc-sections: Options. * --no-keep-memory: Options. * --no-undefined: Options. * --no-warn-mismatch: Options. * --no-whole-archive: Options. * --noinhibit-exec: Options. * --oformat: Options. * --omagic: Options. * --output-def: Options. * --output=OUTPUT: Options. * --print-map: Options. * --relax: Options. * --relax on i960: i960. * --relocateable: Options. * --script=SCRIPT: Options. * --section-alignment: Options. * --section-start SECTIONNAME=ORG: Options. * --sort-common: Options. * --split-by-file: Options. * --split-by-reloc: Options. * --stack: Options. * --stats: Options. * --strip-all: Options. * --strip-debug: Options. * --stub-group-size=N: HPPA ELF32. * --subsystem: Options. * --support-old-code: ARM. * --target-help: Options. * --thumb-entry=ENTRY: ARM. * --trace: Options. * --trace-symbol=SYMBOL: Options. * --traditional-format: Options. * --undefined=SYMBOL: Options. * --unique[=SECTION]: Options. * --verbose: Options. * --version: Options. * --version-script=VERSION-SCRIPTFILE: Options. * --warn-comon: Options. * --warn-constructors: Options. * --warn-multiple-gp: Options. * --warn-once: Options. * --warn-section-align: Options. * --whole-archive: Options. * --wrap: Options. * -AARCH: Options. * -aKEYWORD: Options. * -assert KEYWORD: Options. * -b FORMAT: Options. * -Bdynamic: Options. * -Bgroup: Options. * -Bshareable: Options. * -Bstatic: Options. * -Bsymbolic: Options. * -c MRI-CMDFILE: Options. * -call_shared: Options. * -d: Options. * -dc: Options. * -dn: Options. * -dp: Options. * -dy: Options. * -E: Options. * -e ENTRY: Options. * -EB: Options. * -EL: Options. * -F: Options. * -f: Options. * -fini: Options. * -G: Options. * -g: Options. * -hNAME: Options. * -i: Options. * -init: Options. * -lARCHIVE: Options. * -LDIR: Options. * -M: Options. * -m EMULATION: Options. * -Map: Options. * -N: Options. * -n: Options. * -non_shared: Options. * -O LEVEL: Options. * -o OUTPUT: Options. * -q: Options. * -qmagic: Options. * -Qy: Options. * -r: Options. * -R FILE: Options. * -rpath: Options. * -rpath-link: Options. * -S: Options. * -s: Options. * -shared: Options. * -soname=NAME: Options. * -static: Options. * -t: Options. * -T SCRIPT: Options. * -Tbss ORG: Options. * -Tdata ORG: Options. * -Ttext ORG: Options. * -u SYMBOL: Options. * -Ur: Options. * -V: Options. * -v: Options. * -X: Options. * -x: Options. * -Y PATH: Options. * -y SYMBOL: Options. * -z defs: Options. * -z KEYWORD: Options. * .: Location Counter. * /DISCARD/: Output Section Discarding. * :PHDR: Output Section Phdr. * =FILLEXP: Output Section Fill. * >REGION: Output Section Region. * [COMMON]: Input Section Common. * ABSOLUTE (MRI): MRI. * absolute and relocatable symbols: Expression Section. * absolute expressions: Expression Section. * ABSOLUTE(EXP): Builtin Functions. * ADDR(SECTION): Builtin Functions. * address, section: Output Section Address. * ALIAS (MRI): MRI. * ALIGN (MRI): MRI. * align location counter: Builtin Functions. * ALIGN(EXP): Builtin Functions. * allocating memory: MEMORY. * architecture: Miscellaneous Commands. * architectures: Options. * archive files, from cmd line: Options. * archive search path in linker script: File Commands. * arithmetic: Expressions. * arithmetic operators: Operators. * ARM interworking support: ARM. * ASSERT: Miscellaneous Commands. * assertion in linker script: Miscellaneous Commands. * assignment in scripts: Assignments. * AT(LMA): Output Section LMA. * AT>LMA_REGION: Output Section LMA. * back end: BFD. * BASE (MRI): MRI. * BFD canonical format: Canonical format. * BFD requirements: BFD. * big-endian objects: Options. * binary input format: Options. * BLOCK(EXP): Builtin Functions. * bug criteria: Bug Criteria. * bug reports: Bug Reporting. * bugs in ld: Reporting Bugs. * BYTE(EXPRESSION): Output Section Data. * C++ constructors, arranging in link: Output Section Keywords. * CHIP (MRI): MRI. * COLLECT_NO_DEMANGLE: Environment. * combining symbols, warnings on: Options. * command files: Scripts. * command line: Options. * common allocation: Options. * common allocation in linker script: Miscellaneous Commands. * common symbol placement: Input Section Common. * compatibility, MRI: Options. * constants in linker scripts: Constants. * CONSTRUCTORS: Output Section Keywords. * constructors: Options. * constructors, arranging in link: Output Section Keywords. * crash of linker: Bug Criteria. * CREATE_OBJECT_SYMBOLS: Output Section Keywords. * cross reference table: Options. * cross references: Miscellaneous Commands. * current output location: Location Counter. * data: Output Section Data. * dbx: Options. * DEF files, creating: Options. * default emulation: Environment. * default input format: Environment. * DEFINED(SYMBOL): Builtin Functions. * deleting local symbols: Options. * demangling, default: Environment. * demangling, from command line: Options. * discarding sections: Output Section Discarding. * discontinuous memory: MEMORY. * DLLs, creating: Options. * dot: Location Counter. * dot inside sections: Location Counter. * dynamic linker, from command line: Options. * dynamic symbol table: Options. * ELF program headers: PHDRS. * emulation: Options. * emulation, default: Environment. * END (MRI): MRI. * endianness: Options. * entry point: Entry Point. * entry point, from command line: Options. * entry point, thumb: ARM. * ENTRY(SYMBOL): Entry Point. * error on valid input: Bug Criteria. * example of linker script: Simple Example. * expression evaluation order: Evaluation. * expression sections: Expression Section. * expression, absolute: Builtin Functions. * expressions: Expressions. * EXTERN: Miscellaneous Commands. * fatal signal: Bug Criteria. * file name wildcard patterns: Input Section Wildcards. * FILEHDR: PHDRS. * filename symbols: Output Section Keywords. * fill pattern, entire section: Output Section Fill. * FILL(EXPRESSION): Output Section Data. * finalization function: Options. * first input file: File Commands. * first instruction: Entry Point. * FORCE_COMMON_ALLOCATION: Miscellaneous Commands. * FORMAT (MRI): MRI. * functions in expressions: Builtin Functions. * garbage collection <1>: Input Section Keep. * garbage collection: Options. * generating optimized output: Options. * GNU Free Documentation License: GNU Free Documentation License. * GNU linker: Overview. * GNUTARGET: Environment. * GROUP(FILES): File Commands. * grouping input files: File Commands. * groups of archives: Options. * H8/300 support: H8/300. * header size: Builtin Functions. * heap size: Options. * help: Options. * holes: Location Counter. * holes, filling: Output Section Data. * HPPA multiple sub-space stubs: HPPA ELF32. * HPPA stub grouping: HPPA ELF32. * i960 support: i960. * image base: Options. * implicit linker scripts: Implicit Linker Scripts. * INCLUDE FILENAME: File Commands. * including a linker script: File Commands. * including an entire archive: Options. * incremental link: Options. * initialization function: Options. * initialized data in ROM: Output Section LMA. * input file format in linker script: Format Commands. * input filename symbols: Output Section Keywords. * input files in linker scripts: File Commands. * input files, displaying: Options. * input format: Options. * input object files in linker scripts: File Commands. * input section basics: Input Section Basics. * input section wildcards: Input Section Wildcards. * input sections: Input Section. * INPUT(FILES): File Commands. * integer notation: Constants. * integer suffixes: Constants. * internal object-file format: Canonical format. * invalid input: Bug Criteria. * K and M integer suffixes: Constants. * KEEP: Input Section Keep. * l =: MEMORY. * L, deleting symbols beginning: Options. * lazy evaluation: Evaluation. * ld bugs, reporting: Bug Reporting. * LDEMULATION: Environment. * len =: MEMORY. * LENGTH =: MEMORY. * library search path in linker script: File Commands. * link map: Options. * link-time runtime library search path: Options. * linker crash: Bug Criteria. * linker script concepts: Basic Script Concepts. * linker script example: Simple Example. * linker script file commands: File Commands. * linker script format: Script Format. * linker script input object files: File Commands. * linker script simple commands: Simple Commands. * linker scripts: Scripts. * LIST (MRI): MRI. * little-endian objects: Options. * LOAD (MRI): MRI. * load address: Output Section LMA. * LOADADDR(SECTION): Builtin Functions. * loading, preventing: Output Section Type. * local symbols, deleting: Options. * location counter: Location Counter. * LONG(EXPRESSION): Output Section Data. * M and K integer suffixes: Constants. * machine architecture: Miscellaneous Commands. * machine dependencies: Machine Dependent. * mapping input sections to output sections: Input Section. * MAX: Builtin Functions. * MEMORY: MEMORY. * memory region attributes: MEMORY. * memory regions: MEMORY. * memory regions and sections: Output Section Region. * memory usage: Options. * MIN: Builtin Functions. * MIPS embedded PIC code: Options. * MRI compatibility: MRI. * NAME (MRI): MRI. * name, section: Output Section Name. * names: Symbols. * naming the output file: Options. * NEXT(EXP): Builtin Functions. * NMAGIC: Options. * NOCROSSREFS(SECTIONS): Miscellaneous Commands. * NOLOAD: Output Section Type. * not enough room for program headers: Builtin Functions. * o =: MEMORY. * objdump -i: BFD. * object file management: BFD. * object files: Options. * object formats available: BFD. * object size: Options. * OMAGIC: Options. * opening object files: BFD outline. * operators for arithmetic: Operators. * options: Options. * ORDER (MRI): MRI. * org =: MEMORY. * ORIGIN =: MEMORY. * output file after errors: Options. * output file format in linker script: Format Commands. * output file name in linker scripot: File Commands. * output section attributes: Output Section Attributes. * output section data: Output Section Data. * OUTPUT(FILENAME): File Commands. * OUTPUT_ARCH(BFDARCH): Miscellaneous Commands. * OUTPUT_FORMAT(BFDNAME): Format Commands. * OVERLAY: Overlay Description. * overlays: Overlay Description. * partial link: Options. * PHDRS: PHDRS. * precedence in expressions: Operators. * prevent unnecessary loading: Output Section Type. * program headers: PHDRS. * program headers and sections: Output Section Phdr. * program headers, not enough room: Builtin Functions. * program segments: PHDRS. * PROVIDE: PROVIDE. * PUBLIC (MRI): MRI. * QUAD(EXPRESSION): Output Section Data. * quoted symbol names: Symbols. * read-only text: Options. * read/write from cmd line: Options. * regions of memory: MEMORY. * relative expressions: Expression Section. * relaxing addressing modes: Options. * relaxing on H8/300: H8/300. * relaxing on i960: i960. * relocatable and absolute symbols: Expression Section. * relocatable output: Options. * removing sections: Output Section Discarding. * reporting bugs in ld: Reporting Bugs. * requirements for BFD: BFD. * retain relocations in final executable: Options. * retaining specified symbols: Options. * ROM initialized data: Output Section LMA. * round up location counter: Builtin Functions. * runtime library name: Options. * runtime library search path: Options. * scaled integers: Constants. * scommon section: Input Section Common. * script files: Options. * scripts: Scripts. * search directory, from cmd line: Options. * search path in linker script: File Commands. * SEARCH_DIR(PATH): File Commands. * SECT (MRI): MRI. * section address: Output Section Address. * section address in expression: Builtin Functions. * section alignment, warnings on: Options. * section data: Output Section Data. * section fill pattern: Output Section Fill. * section load address: Output Section LMA. * section load address in expression: Builtin Functions. * section name: Output Section Name. * section name wildcard patterns: Input Section Wildcards. * section size: Builtin Functions. * section, assigning to memory region: Output Section Region. * section, assigning to program header: Output Section Phdr. * SECTIONS: SECTIONS. * sections, discarding: Output Section Discarding. * segment origins, cmd line: Options. * segments, ELF: PHDRS. * shared libraries: Options. * SHORT(EXPRESSION): Output Section Data. * SIZEOF(SECTION): Builtin Functions. * SIZEOF_HEADERS: Builtin Functions. * small common symbols: Input Section Common. * SORT: Input Section Wildcards. * SQUAD(EXPRESSION): Output Section Data. * stack size: Options. * standard Unix system: Options. * start of execution: Entry Point. * STARTUP(FILENAME): File Commands. * strip all symbols: Options. * strip debugger symbols: Options. * stripping all but some symbols: Options. * suffixes for integers: Constants. * symbol defaults: Builtin Functions. * symbol definition, scripts: Assignments. * symbol names: Symbols. * symbol tracing: Options. * symbol versions: VERSION. * symbol-only input: Options. * symbols, from command line: Options. * symbols, relocatable and absolute: Expression Section. * symbols, retaining selectively: Options. * synthesizing linker: Options. * synthesizing on H8/300: H8/300. * TARGET(BFDNAME): Format Commands. * thumb entry point: ARM. * TI COFF versions: TI COFF. * traditional format: Options. * unallocated address, next: Builtin Functions. * undefined symbol: Options. * undefined symbol in linker script: Miscellaneous Commands. * undefined symbols, warnings on: Options. * uninitialized data placement: Input Section Common. * unspecified memory: Output Section Data. * usage: Options. * variables, defining: Assignments. * verbose: Options. * version: Options. * version script: VERSION. * version script, symbol versions: Options. * VERSION {script text}: VERSION. * versions of symbols: VERSION. * warnings, on combining symbols: Options. * warnings, on section alignment: Options. * warnings, on undefined symbols: Options. * what is this?: Overview. * wildcard file name patterns: Input Section Wildcards.